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Alessandro Fabris (Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.)10/13/26, 9:05 AM
Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste is a multidisciplinary research center of excellence, open to the international research community, specializing in generating high quality synchrotron and free-electron laser light and applying it in materials and life sciences. This talk will introduce the Laboratory and provide an overview of its two advanced light sources, FERMI, the seeded free-electron laser...
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Arshdeep Singh (Brookhaven National Laboratory)10/13/26, 9:45 AM
The Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will perform a 1 to 4 bunch split to reach its luminosity goals. After the bunch splitting, the beam is compressed by 197 MHz and 591 MHz RF systems. It is important that, during the splitting process, the voltage on the compression cavities stays close to 0 V to prevent any detrimental effects on the beam emittance and...
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Birk Emil Karlsen-Baeck (CERN)10/13/26, 10:15 AM
Capturing the high-intensity proton beams in the HL-LHC era will be challenging for the RF system. The increase of the bunch intensity to $2.3 \times 10^{11}$ protons per bunch will require significantly more RF power for beam-loading compensation. At the same time, a higher RF voltage must be provided to capture and retain the beam at the injection plateau. Together, these two factors will...
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Leonard Thiele (University of Rostock, CERN)10/13/26, 11:10 AM
The proposed muon collider complex is designed to accelerate high-intensity muon bunches to energies of several TeV. Due to the muon's short rest-frame lifetime, acceleration must be performed quickly. Thousands of superconducting cavities are required for the chain of rapid-cycling synchrotrons. Such large RF systems in this high-energy acceleration section pose the challenge of a very high...
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10/13/26, 1:45 PMOral
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Jiayi Peng (Institute of Modern Physics)10/13/26, 1:55 PM
Superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities with high loaded quality factors are particularly susceptible to ponderomotive instabilities caused by the interaction between RF fields and mechanical vibrations. Predicting and suppressing these instabilities is essential for reliable operation of high-gradient continuous-wave accelerators. To address this issue, we have developed a practical...
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Zheqiao Geng (PSI - Paul Scherrer Institut)10/13/26, 2:25 PM
PSI is investigating a SwissFEL extension with a new hard X-ray beamline, Porthos, in addition to the existing hard X-ray (Aramis) and soft X-ray (Athos) beamlines. To allow all three beam lines to operate simultaneously at the maximum RF pulse repetition rate (100 Hz), three bunches must be accelerated in each RF pulse. The three bunches will be separated by 21 ns. The accelerating voltages...
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Idris Kempf (University of Oxford)10/13/26, 2:55 PM
Next-generation storage-ring light sources combine higher-bandwidth fast orbit feedback (FOFB) systems with synchrotron frequencies that may lie within the FOFB bandwidth. Coupled-bunch mode-zero oscillations driven by RF phase and amplitude noise can produce horizontal orbit motion within the controllable frequency range. Existing work exploits the near orthogonality between the dispersion...
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10/13/26, 4:05 PM
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Dmitry Teytelman (Dimtel, Inc.)10/13/26, 4:15 PM
Bunch-by-bunch feedback control of coupled-bunch instabilities in the last 30 years became a ubiquitous feature of storage rings, both light sources and colliders. In my talk I will introduce the formalism of coupled-bunch instabilities and bunch-by-bunch feedback. Next, I will describe in detail the technology that these feedback systems rely upon. Using measurements from a number of real...
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Jon Vivas (University of the Basque Country EHU)10/13/26, 4:55 PM
Magnetrons offer high energy efficiency, making them attractive power sources; however, their RF output lacks the phase and amplitude stability required for high-precision applications like particle accelerators. While techniques like RF signal injection have been explored to stabilize magnetron outputs, this research introduces a Low-Level RF (LLRF) control framework designed to enhance...
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Xianghe Fang (INFN-LNF)10/13/26, 5:25 PM
Beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerators impose extremely stringent requirements on RF phase stability to ensure reliable beam generation and synchronization. At SPARC_LAB, a fast RF feedback system has been developed for the S-band RF power plant to satisfy the facility's synchronization requirement of less than 20 fs RMS phase jitter with respect to the reference master oscillator (RMO)....
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Bartosz Bielawski (CERN)10/13/26, 5:55 PM
The CERN Linac4 low-level RF relies on an adaptive feed-forward (AFF) to correct the beam-loading transient that the field feedback (PI or LQG) cannot remove within a single pulse. The AFF learns a correction from the field error of previous pulses and reduces the beam loading at the batch start to below 0.4%, a factor of two better than the specification. Over several years of operation we...
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Beñat González (University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU)10/14/26, 9:05 AM
Resonant cavity models traditionally used for control design suffer from oversimplification, failing to capture spatial actuation effects or geometric imperfections. To address this limitation, we present a methodology for deriving cavity models via equivalent circuit representations. Most accelerator cavities (such as Tesla structures, RFQs, or DTLs) can be decomposed into elemental units...
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Arshdeep Singh (Brookhaven National Laboratory)10/14/26, 9:35 AM
The dynamics of an RF cavity control system can be modeled with a great deal of accuracy. This includes the dynamics of the cavity, beam+cavity interactions, microphonics, Lorentz-Force Detuning, the field control loop, and the tuning control loop. A time-domain simulator has been developed in Python to study the behavior of a complete RF control system with respect to varying feedback...
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Giulio Gaio (Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste)10/14/26, 10:05 AM
Elettra 2.0 control system will consolidate time-critical acquisition, processing, and actuation onto a dual HPC 512 HT core server. Using the DPDK kernel bypass, this data plane is designed to acquire Turn-by-Turn streams from 168 BPMs, 4 LLRFs and 120 BLMs, and drive about 1200 magnet power supplies at 100 kHz for RT feedback purposes, with a total of 160 Mpps data rate with a few...
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Dimitar Marinov (CERN)10/14/26, 11:10 AM
The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project at CERN is set to introduce a series
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of major upgrades across the LHC complex, including the implementation of crab cavities,
applied for the first time in a hadron machine. These cavities are designed to increase beam
luminosity by compensating for the geometric luminosity reduction caused by the crossing
angle at the interaction... -
longwei lai (Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences)10/14/26, 1:45 PM
Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), a third-generation light source in operation since 2009, is upgrading its fast orbit feedback system with new MPSoC FPGA-based digital electronics, alongside developing an in-house bunch-by-bunch feedback system based on RFSoC FPGA. Meanwhile, Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE), a 3-km-long continuous-wave...
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Qiang Du (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)10/14/26, 2:15 PM
Optimal beam parameters in high-power lasers and accelerators require active stabilization against environmental perturbations. Typically residing in the acoustic frequency band, these perturbations are corrected via piezo actuators or magnets. Common applications include coherent laser combining, laser pointing stabilization, resonance control in superconducting radio-frequency (SRF)...
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Borut Baricevic (Instrumentation Technologies d.o.o)10/14/26, 2:45 PM
Achieving high RF field stability in accelerating cavities driven by microsecond-scale pulses remains a challenge for modern LLRF systems. The short pulse duration limits the implementation of conventional FPGA-based intra-pulse feedback, while pulse-to-pulse correction alone cannot fully compensate for phase perturbations introduced by the high-power RF chain.
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An implementation of this novel... -
Dmitry Teytelman (Dimtel, Inc.)10/14/26, 3:15 PM
Modern diffraction-limited storage ring light sources run at high beam currents and use harmonic cavities to lengthen the bunches for increased lifetime. These features make feedback control of the longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities very challenging due to the bunches' wideband and variable dynamics. In the last few years, the long-ignored idea of using a differentiator as the feedback...
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Conor Jenkins (ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory), Matthew Jones (ASTeC, STFC Daresbury Laboratory)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
In a vertical test facility (VTF) a cavity is required to be driven on resonance so that performance characteristics such as Q0 and coupling factors can be calculated from measurements. This contrasts with the usual requirements of a controller in an RF station of a particle accelerator. In UKRI-STFC's VTF at Daresbury Laboratory the RF control system is presently distributed across an...
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Kemal Shafak (Cycle GmbH)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Precise phase regulation in LLRF systems relies on a phase-stable RF reference, making reference distribution an integral part of achievable field-control performance*. We present an actively stabilized RF-over-fiber link for distribution of a 1.3 GHz reference.
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The system measures optical round-trip delay and compensates fiber-induced fluctuations through feedback to a fast optical delay... -
Beatrice Serenellini (INFN - LNF)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
The Scalable System for Radioisotope Production (SSRIP) is a new compact linear accelerator developed at IFIN-HH (Măgurele, Romania), coordinated by INFN-LNF within the ELI-NP infrastructure. The accelerator is designed to produce high-brightness electron beams for radioisotope production applications. The SSRIP RF system consists of four independent RF stations, three operating at 2856 MHz...
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Phani Deep Meruga (Instrumentation Technologies)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Compact, high-gradient linear accelerators increasingly employ X-band RF technology, placing stringent demands on amplitude and phase stability especially for short RF pulses. Meeting these demands requires low-level RF (LLRF) systems capable of precise signal generation and acquisition, with careful management of phase noise, timing jitter, and thermal effects. An X-band LLRF prototype has...
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Hyojae Jang (Institute for Basic Science)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
RAON is a heavy ion accelerator complex in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Its beam commissioning of low energy superconducting linear accelerator (SCL3) have been finished by Institute for Rare Isotope Science (IRIS) in Institute of Basic Science (IBS). The purpose of this accelerator is the generation of rare isotope by ISOL (Isotope Separation On-Line) and its acceleration for the nuclear...
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Gabriele Brajnik (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
A custom Intel Arria 10 SoC FPGA platform, developed for Beam Position Monitors, has been adapted as the core control hardware for the 500 MHz DLLRF system of the Elettra 2.0 upgrade. The architecture features an external RF Front-End down-converting signals to an 18.5 MHz IF, coupled with two FMC boards hosting four ADC channels (16 bits, 120 MS/s) and a DAC output stage with quadrature...
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Daniel Harryman (CERN)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
High-frequency pulsed cavity control is emerging as a common requirement across several projects at CERN, including AWAKE, FCC-ee, and a proposed upgrade to CLEAR. This poster presents the design and laboratory commissioning of a pulsed cavity controller built on the MicroTCA platform, using a SIS8300-KU FPGA carrier paired with a DWC8VM1 rear transition module.
RF signals are down-mixed...
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Jinyul Hu (Pohang Accelerator Laboratory)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
PAL-XFEL has been operating two beamlines simultaneously since 2021. The simultaneous operation method involves generating and accelerating single bunch of electrons at 60 Hz to provide 30 Hz beams to the hard X-ray(HX) and soft X-ray(SX) beamlines, respectively. It is intended to switch to a method developed by SwissFEL, which is capable of providing 60 Hz beams to both the HX and SX...
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Juan Salvador Fernández Prat (Safran Electronic & Defense Spain S. L. U.)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Low-Level Radio Frequency (LLRF) systems are critical components of modern particle accelerators, providing precise control of the amplitude and phase of RF fields in accelerating cavities. Advanced control and feedback architectures increasingly rely on deterministic timing and fast communication to coordinate RF control, diagnostics and protection functions across distributed equipment....
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Dr Diego Barrientos (CERN)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
In the context of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), high-intensity beams of 2.3 · 1011 protons per bunch are planned to be injected at the LHC after Long Shutdown 3 (LS3) at CERN. To cope with these beam intensities, several strategies have been put in place to reduce the power requirements of the 2 x 8 accelerating cavities installed in the machine. Among them,...
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Faya WANG (SLAC)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) is completing a comprehensive modernization of the SPEAR3 RF control system. The legacy system, originally designed for the PEP-II B-Factory circa 1997, has operated nearly unchanged for three decades. Its core is a custom analog RF Processor (RFP) in a VXI chassis performing I/Q feedback at approximately ±90 kHz bandwidth, supplemented by...
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Dr Philip Varghese (Fermilab)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
FPGA architectures have evolved dramatically in recent years with vast increases in logic and compute resources as well as fundamental architectural changes such as integration of microprocessors and data converters on the same chip. This makes it possible to develop new LLRF system hardware configurations as well as provide the resources to implement advanced control algorithms such as system...
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Dr Tomasz Plawski (Jefferson Lab)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Since 2021, the Self-Excited Loop with Amplitude and Phase (SELAP) control algorithm has regulated CEBAF’s high-Q superconducting radio-frequency cavities, demonstrating robust field stability. Sustaining this performance in routine operations, however, required targeted controller adaptations to mitigate microphonics, cavity-to-cavity mechanical coupling, signal crosstalk, high-power...
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Russell Wilcox (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
We describe a timing-stabilized RF amplitude and phase monitor, using optical interferometry. Unlike RF-over-fiber using AM, RF voltage drives an EO phase modulator at the sensor. No bias is needed, and light is provided by the receiving system. The optical signal goes back through fiber and is interfered with an optical LO at the receiver, a coherent telecom component with optical I and Q...
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Gang Huang (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
The performance of superconducting quantum processors is critically limited by the control stack, where traditional systems often rely on black-box abstractions that hinder full-stack co-design. Notably, superconducting qubit control and particle accelerator radio-frequency (RF) control systems can share the same fundamental FPGA-based, software-defined radio architecture. We present QubiC, an...
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Joshua Einstein-Curtis (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Automating quench detection and trip classification has been an ongoing research project at DESY for a number of years. We have recently developed firmware and close-to-hardware implementations of our model-based quench detection and trip classification system and are in the process of testing these in emulation and on real systems. In addition to several software implementations, we are...
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Bruno Valentin Seifert (CERN)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
RF conditioning of accelerating cavities and power couplers is required to reach nominal operating voltage. High field gradients trigger multipacting and outgassing, which raise the vacuum pressure and limit the RF power that can be applied before arcing occurs. For efficient and safe conditioning, a feedback loop keeps the drive inside the optimal zone where vacuum activity is provoked but...
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Benoit Roche (ESRF)10/14/26, 4:30 PM
Modern digital electronics chips available on the market have reached incredible levels of performance. They enable highly advanced monitoring and control of accelerated beams, with bunch-by-bunch resolution and even beyond. However, this performance comes at a cost: increasing device capabilities also leads to greater complexity, making these technologies less accessible to beginners and...
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10/15/26, 1:45 PM
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Andy Benwell (SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)10/15/26, 2:45 PM
Various advanced resonance control techniques have been developed and deployed at accelerator facilities to mitigate mechanical detuning in high-Q Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) cavities. During the LCLS-II project, several of these approaches were evaluated and a real-time adaptive Narrowband Active Noise Cancellation (NANC) algorithm, developed through a collaboration between SLAC,...
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Joshua Einstein-Curtis (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY)10/15/26, 3:15 PM
Noise and systematic disturbances are important to characterize when working with low-bandwidth SRF cavities that require tight RF regulation. For a future upgrade at XFEL, we have been investigating the microphonics and noise performance of the tunnel, cryomodule, and RF environment in order to better characterize the expected performance, control, and mitigations needed for the design.
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10/15/26, 4:15 PM
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Yilin Miao (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)10/15/26, 4:25 PM
Mechanical-mode characterization is essential for understanding Lorentz-force detuning (LFD) and improving field stability in superconducting RF cavities. This work presents two complementary approaches for identifying LFD-induced mechanical dynamics under LLRF control. First, a physics-informed grey-box model is estimated from LFD transients. It extracts dominant mechanical modes when...
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Zhiyuan Zhang (Institute of Advanced Light Source Facilities, Shenzhen)10/15/26, 4:55 PM
LLRF systems typically employ the classical PI control algorithm to maintain constant cavity voltage and phase. The performance of PI control depends on the design and optimization of the proportional (kp) and integral (ki) parameters; therefore, accurate modeling of the closed-loop path is of great importance. Loop delay is a critical parameter of the closed-loop system, as it determines the...
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Max Herrmann (DESY)10/15/26, 5:25 PM
The interpulse control laws for the European XFEL's normal-conducting 1.3 GHz gun (rev. 5.2) require detuning measurements to modulate pulse width and phase. However, due to thermal inertia and the inability to place temperature sensors directly on the gun's inner wall, such measurements cannot be obtained directly. This paper compares the tracking performance of two RF-based detuning...
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Victoria Moore (Lawrence Berkeley National Lab)
The Advanced Light Source (ALS) LINAC operates with 3 GHz RF pulses at 0.7 Hz pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and 1.2 µs duration, imposing severe limitations on traditional PID and adaptive feedforward control schemes. An RFSoC-based controller prototype was developed and presented in prior work to upgrade the legacy LLRF systems for the LINAC and Subharmonic Buncher.
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This paper presents... -
Andrea Bellandi (SCK CEN)
The first 100 MeV stage of the MYRRHA superconducting RF linear accelerator is under construction in Mol, Belgium. The machine will produce an instantaneous proton beam current of 4 mA and represents the first step toward the construction of the MYRRHA Accelerator-Driven System (ADS). Such a machine presents several technical challenges for the control of its RF cavities.
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First, the required... -
Oral
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